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Spanish language - Wikipedia. Spanish ( ( listen);  espa. It is usually considered the world's second- most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid- northern Iberia in the 9th century. Beginning in the early 1. Spanish was taken to the colonies of the Spanish Empire, most notably to the Americas, as well as territories in Africa, Oceania and the Philippines. Ancient Greek has also contributed substantially to Spanish vocabulary, especially through Latin, where it had a great impact.

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It has absorbed vocabulary from other languages, particularly the Romance languages French, Italian, Occitan, and Sardinian, as well as from Nahuatl, Quechua, and other indigenous languages of the Americas. Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations. It is also used as an official language by the European Union, the Organization of American States, the Union of South American Nations, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, and by many other international organizations. Speakers in the Americas total some 4.

In the European Union, Spanish is the mother tongue of 8% of the population, with an additional 7% speaking it as a second language. Article III reads as follows: El castellano es la lengua espa.

The other Spanish languages as well shall be official in their respective Autonomous Communities.. The Spanish Royal Academy, on the other hand, currently uses the term espa. The Spanish Royal Academy Dictionary derives the term from the Proven.

Previously, several pre- Roman languages (also called Paleohispanic languages)—unrelated to Latin, and some of them unrelated even to Indo- European—were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula. These languages included Basque (still spoken today), Iberian, Celtiberian and Celtic. The first documents to show traces of what is today regarded as the precursor of modern Spanish are from the 9th century. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era, the most important influences on the Spanish lexicon came from neighboring Romance languages—Navarro- Aragonese, Leonese, Catalan, Portuguese, Galician, Occitan, and later, French and Italian.

Spanish also borrowed a considerable number of words from Arabic, as well as a minor influence from Germanic languages through the migration of tribes and a period of Visigoth rule in Iberia. In addition, many more words were borrowed from Latin through the influence of written language and the liturgical language of the Church. According to the theories of Ram. This distinctive dialect spread to southern Spain with the advance of the Reconquista, and meanwhile gathered a sizable lexical influence from the Arabic of Al- Andalus, much of it indirectly, through the Romance Mozarabic dialects (some 4,0.

Arabic- derived words, make up around 8% of the language today). The diphthongization of Latin stressed short e and o—which occurred in open syllables in French and Italian, but not at all in Catalan or Portuguese—is found in both open and closed syllables in Spanish, as shown in the following table: Latin. Spanish. Ladino. Aragonese. Asturian. Galician. Portuguese. Catalan. Gascon / Occitan.

French. Sardinian. Adobe Photoshop Crack And Keygen Cs5 After Effects. Italian. Romanian. Englishpetrapiedrapedrapedra/p. In early Spanish (but not in Catalan or Portuguese) it merged with the consonant written b (a bilabial with plosive and fricative allophones). In modern Spanish, there is no difference between the pronunciation of orthographic b and v, with some exceptions in Caribbean Spanish.

The h- , still preserved in spelling, is now silent in most varieties of the language, although in some Andalusian and Caribbean dialects it is still aspirated in some words. Because of borrowings from Latin and from neighboring Romance languages, there are many f- /h- doublets in modern Spanish: Fernando and Hernando (both Spanish for . See History of Spanish (Modern development of the Old Spanish sibilants) for details. The Gram. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, author of Don Quixote, is such a well- known reference in the world that Spanish is often called la lengua de Cervantes (.

For details on borrowed words and other external influences upon Spanish, see Influences on the Spanish language. Grammar. The language uses prepositions (rather than postpositions or inflection of nouns for case), and usually—though not always—places adjectives after nouns, as do most other Romance languages. The language is classified as a subject–verb–object language; however, as in most Romance languages, constituent order is highly variable and governed mainly by topicalization and focus rather than by syntax. Spanish is described as a . Its development exhibits some traits in common with the neighboring dialects—especially Leonese and Aragonese—as well as other traits unique to Castilian.

Castilian is unique among its neighbors in the aspiration and eventual loss of the Latin initial /f/ sound (e. Where Latin had - li- before a vowel (e. Portuguese filho, orelha; Catalan fill, orella).(See History of the Spanish Language for more information)Segmental phonology. The main allophonic variation among vowels is the reduction of the high vowels /i/ and /u/ to glides—. Some instances of the mid vowels /e/ and /o/, determined lexically, alternate with the diphthongs .

In most dialects they have been merged, respectively, with /s/ and /. The phoneme /. Each of the voiced obstruent phonemes /b/, /d/, /. The tendencies of stress assignment are as follows. Thus, regular verbs ending with - n and the great majority of words ending with - s are stressed on the penult. Although a significant number of nouns and adjectives ending with - n are also stressed on the penult (joven, virgen, mitin), the great majority of nouns and adjectives ending with - n are stressed on their last syllable (capit. Exceptions to those rules are indicated by an acute accent mark over the vowel of the stressed syllable. It is estimated that the combined total number of Spanish speakers is between 4.

Internet usage statistics for 2. Spanish as the third most commonly used language on the Internet, after English and Mandarin. It is widely spoken in Gibraltar, although English is the official, international language. In Switzerland, which had a massive influx of Spanish migrants in the 2. Spanish is the native language of 2. Nationally, Spanish is the official language—either de facto or de jure—of Argentina, Bolivia (co- official with Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, and 3. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (co- official with 6.

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay (co- official with Guaran. Spanish has no official recognition in the former British colony of Belize; however, per the 2. The Trinidad government launched the Spanish as a First Foreign Language (SAFFL) initiative in March 2. Darker shades of green indicate higher percentages of Spanish speakers. According to 2. 00.

U. S. Spanish is also used in administration in the state of New Mexico. In Equatorial Guinea, Spanish is the predominant language when native and non- native speakers (around 5. Fang is the most spoken language by number of native speakers. A small number of Moroccan Jews also speak the Sephardic Spanish dialect Haketia (related to the Ladino dialect spoken in Israel).

Spanish is spoken by some small communities in Angola because of the Cuban influence from the Cold War and in South Sudan among South Sudanese natives that relocated to Cuba during the Sudanese wars and returned in time for their country's independence. Today, Spanish in this disputed territory is maintained by populations of Sahrawi nomads numbering about 5. Arabic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, although this entity receives limited international recognition.

During Spanish colonization (1. Spaniards and educated Filipinos. In the mid- nineteenth century, the colonial government set up a free public education system with Spanish as the medium of instruction.

A estos se les conoce como tel. Estos soportan todas las principales bandas GSM, permitiendo su uso global (excluyendo los pa. A menudo esos tel. Esto es importante para personas que compren m.