Free. BSD - Wikipedia. Free. BSDDeveloper. The Free. BSD Project. OS family. Unix- like (BSD)Working state. Active. Source model.

Open source. Initial release. November 1. 99. 3; 2. Latest release. 11. July 2. 01. 7; 9 days ago (2. Although for legal reasons Free.

BSD cannot use the Unix trademark, it is a direct descendant of BSD, which was historically also called . The first version of Free. BSD was released in 1.

This page is part of the documentation for the rEFInd boot manager. If a Web search has brought you here, you may want to start at the main page.

Free. BSD is the most widely used open- source BSD distribution, accounting for more than three- quarters of all installed systems running open- source BSD derivatives. A wide range of additional third- party applications may be installed using the pkgng package management system or the Free. BSD Ports, or by directly compiling source code. Due to its permissive licensing terms, much of Free.

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2. The FreeBSD Project. FreeBSD is an advanced computer operating system used to power modern servers, desktops, and embedded platforms.

BSD's code base has become an integral part of other operating systems, such as Juniper. JUNOS, Apple's mac. OS, the Nintendo Switch system software. The university acquired a UNIX source license from AT& T. Students of the university started to modify and improve the AT& T Unix and called this modified version Berkeley Unix or BSD, implementing features such as TCP/IP, virtual memory and the Unix File System. The BSD project was founded in 1. Bill Joy. But since BSD contained code from AT& T Unix, all recipients had to get a license from AT& T first in order to use BSD.

After releasing Net- 1, Keith Bostic, a developer of BSD, suggested replacing all AT& T code with freely- redistributable code under the original BSD license. Work on replacing AT& T code began and, after 1. AT& T code was replaced. However, six files containing AT& T code remained in the kernel. The BSD developers decided to release the . Net- 2 was released in 1.

They released 3. 86. BSD via an anonymous FTP server. The first version of Free.

BSD was released on November 1. In addition to that, the company employed Jordan Hubbard and David Greenman, ran Free.

BSD on its servers, sponsored Free. BSD conferences and published Free. BSD- related books, including The Complete Free. BSD by Greg Lehey. By 1. 99. 7, Free. BSD was Walnut Creek's . The company itself later renamed to The Free.

BSD Mall and later i. XSystems. In January 1.

BSDi started to release BSD/3. BSD/OS, an operating system similar to Free. BSD and based on 1. BSD release. AT& T filed a lawsuit against BSDi and alleged distribution of AT& T source code in violation of license agreements. The lawsuit was settled out of court and the exact terms were not all disclosed. The only one that became public was that BSDi would migrate their source base to the newer 4.

BSD- Lite sources. Although not involved in the litigation, it was suggested to Free. BSD that they should also move to 4. BSD- Lite. Free. BSD 2.

November 1. 99. 4, was the first version of Free. BSD without any code from AT& T. A number of Desktop environments such as GNOME, KDE and Xfce, and lightweight window managers such as Openbox, Fluxbox and dwm are also available to Free. BSD. CARP allows multiple nodes to share a set of IP addresses. So if one of the nodes goes down, other nodes still can serve the requests. Soft updates can protect the consistency of the UFS filesystem (widely used on the BSDs) in the event of a system crash.

Snapshots allow reliable backup of a live filesystem. GEOM is a modular framework that provides RAID (levels 0, 1, 3 currently), full disk encryption, journaling, concatenation, caching, and access to network- backed storage. GEOM allows building of complex storage solutions combining (. Free. BSD provides two frameworks for data encryption: GBDE and Geli. Both GBDE and Geli operate at the disk level.

GBDE was written by Poul- Henning Kamp and is distributed under the two- clause BSD license. Can You Install Hardiplank Over Stucco Mix. Geli is an alternative to GBDE that was written by Pawel Jakub Dawidek and first appeared in Free. BSD 6. 0. ZFS was previously an open source filesystem that was first developed by Sun Microsystems, but when Oracle acquired Sun, ZFS became a proprietary product. However, the Free. BSD project is still developing and improving its ZFS implementation via the Open. ZFS project. The project was founded by Robert Watson with the goal of implementing concepts from the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation and the Orange Book.

This project is ongoing and many of its extensions have been integrated into Free. BSD. Other work includes the development of Open. BSM, an open source implementation of Sun's Basic Security Module (BSM) API and audit log file format, which supports an extensive security audit system. This was shipped as part of Free. BSD 6. 2. Other infrastructure work in Free. BSD performed as part of the Trusted. BSD Project has included GEOM and Open.

PAM. In addition, many features, once fully matured, find their way into other operating systems. For example, Open. PAM has been adopted by Net. BSD. IPFW is Free. BSD's native firewall. Open. SSH is a Free implementation of the SSH protocol and is a replacement for telnet.

Unlike telnet, Open. SSH encrypts all information (including username and password). In November 2. 01. The Free. BSD Security Team announced that hackers gained unauthorized access on two of the project's servers.

These servers were turned off immediately. More research demonstrated that the first unauthorized access by hackers occurred on 1. September. Apparently hackers gained access to these servers by stealing SSH keys from one of the developers, not by exploiting a bug in the operating system itself. These two hacked servers were part of the infrastructure used to build third- party software packages. The Free. BSD Security Team checked the integrity of the binary packages and announced that no unauthorized change was made to the binary packages, but they stated that they can't guarantee the integrity of packages that were downloaded between 1. September and 1. 1 November. The Free. BSD project organizes architectures into tiers that characterize the level of support provided.

Tier 1 architectures are mature and fully supported. Tier 2 architectures are undergoing major development.

Tier 3 architectures are experimental or are no longer under active development and Tier 4 architectures have no support at all. As of March 2. 01. Examples include: windowing systems, web browsers, email clients, office suites and so forth. In general, the project itself does not develop this software, only the framework to allow these programs to be installed, which is known as the Ports collection. Applications may either be compiled from source (. The Ports collection supports the current and stable branches of Free.

BSD. Older releases are not supported and may or may not work correctly with an up- to- date Ports collection. Most ports also have package counterparts (i. Although this method is faster, the user has fewer customisation options. Free. BSD version 1. It allows for installation, upgrading and removal of both ports and packages. In addition to pkg, Package.

Kit can also be used to access the Ports collection. First introduced in Free. BSD version 4, jails is a security mechanism and an implementation of operating- system- level virtualization that enables the user to run multiple instances of a guest operating system on top of a Free.

BSD host. It is an enhanced version of the traditional chroot mechanism. A process that runs within such a jail is unable to access the resources outside of it. Every jail has its own hostname and IP address. It is possible to run multiple jails at the same time, but the kernel is shared among all of them. Hence only software supported by the Free.

BSD kernel can be run within a jail. Other operating systems such as Illumos are planned. The main difference between bhyve and Free. BSD jails is that jails are an operating system- level virtualization and therefore limited to only Free. BSD guests; but bhyve is a type 2 hypervisor and is not limited to only Free. BSD guests. Hence, most Linux binaries can be run on Free.

How to Install Mac OS X using VMware Fusion. I’ve previously written about converting your Windows PC into a virtual machine and installing a fresh copy of Windows in a virtual machine, but what if you have a Mac and you want the same benefits of running OS X in a virtual machine? As I mentioned earlier, running another copy of the operating system in a virtual machine can help you in two ways: protect your privacy and keep your safe from viruses/malware. Starting with OS X Lion (1. So if you have a Mac. Book Pro with OS X El Capitan installed, you can install as many copies of El Capitan into virtual machines on that same machine. In this article, I’ll walk you through the steps to get OS X installed using VMware Fusion.

There is a free program called Virtual. Box, but it has some drawbacks. VMware Fusion is not free, but has more features and is generally more powerful and easier to use than Virtual.

Box. Virtual. Box requires using Terminal commands to get OS X installed. In addition, it doesn’t even work properly for the latest version of OS X. Note that there are two ways to install OS X on VMware fusion: download OS X from the App Store and use that for installing or to use the recovery partition to reinstall OS X. I’ll explain both methods in this post. Download OS XYou can install OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, Mavericks, Yosemite, or El Capitan into a virtual machine on your Mac computer. Before you get started with the download method, you need to grab a copy of the OS X installer from the App Store.

To do this, open the App Store and download your version of OS X. In my example, I am running El Capitan, so that is what I will download. It’s listed on the right hand side in the list of links.

Click the Download button and the install app will be downloaded to your Applications folder in OS X. The download will be several GBs in size, so it could take a while for the download to complete. Install OS X in VMware Fusion. Note that you will need VMware Fusion 8 installed if you want to install El Capitan. You can always check the Compatibility Guide to see which operating systems are supported by different versions of VMware software. Simply scroll down the Product Release Version list box and choose your version of VMware Fusion.

Now open VMware Fusion and then click on File and New to start creating a new virtual machine. A window will pop up where you can either install from a disc or image or you can choose from a couple of other options. Here is where we can go either of two ways.

If you downloaded OS X from the App Store, you’re going to choose Install from disc or image. If you simply want to use the recovery partition on your Mac, you’re going to choose Install OS X from the recovery partition.

Install from Disc or Image. Select this option and then click Continue.

You’ll now need to choose the disc or image to continue the install. Go ahead and click on the Use another disc or disc image button at the bottom of the screen and browse to the location of the OS X install app, which should be located under the Applications folder. Click Open and it should now show up in the list.

You can now select it and click Continue to start the installation. The last screen of the wizard will give you a summary of all the settings. If everything looks good, go ahead and click Finish to start the virtual machine. You’ll be asked to save the virtual machine so give it a name and pick a location. Click Save and the virtual machine should start up after a few minutes. You’ll then see the Apple logo appear and the progress bar.

Once this finishes, you’ll get the screen where you choose your language. Click the arrow and you’ll see the OS X Utilities screen. Choose Install OS X and click Continue.

Now you’ll get the installation screen for your version of OS X. Click Continue to start the installation. Agree to the license agreement and then choose the hard drive you want to install OS X to.

It should say Macintosh HD and be the size you setup for the virtual machine. Click Install and OS X will now be installed. The virtual machine will restart and you’ll get the Apple logo again with a progress bar. Once the installation is complete, OS X should load up and you should be able to log into the desktop. Kind of a long process, but pretty straight- forward.

Install from Recovery Partition. If you choose the Install from recovery partition option, the procedure is pretty much the same.

First, it will load a screen where it will look for the recovery partition and if it finds it, it will bring up a dialog to save your virtual machine. Give the virtual machine a name and location and click Save. Next, you’ll get the same Finish configuration screen like shown above where it gives you a summary of the virtual machine settings.

Click Finish and the virtual machine window will load up. Next, the Apple logo will appear with the progress bar. Again, you’ll get the screen where you have to choose your language and then the OS X Utilities screen. The only difference here is that you choose Reinstall OS X instead of Install OS X, which is the option in the previous method. Now you’ll get the same OS X install screen, so click the Install button to continue.

For this method, however, you have to download OS X off Apple’s servers. So you’ll get a message stating that your eligibility has to be verified. Click Continue. Accept the license agreement and then choose the hard disk you want to install OS X onto. Click install and then you’ll get a screen where you have to sign into the Apple store.

At this point, OS X will be downloaded and it could take a while depending on your Internet connection. After it finishes, the virtual machine will restart and the Apple logo and progress bar will appear. OS X will install and you’ll be able to login once the installation is complete. It does take quite a bit of time to setup OS X in a virtual machine, but it works well. After you are done and your virtual machine is loaded, you need to click on Virtual Machine and then Install VMware Tools.

This will install the OS X virtual machine tools, which allows you to increase the resolution to HD and allows the virtual machine to run more smoothly. Hopefully, this article will help you get OS X running properly in a virtual machine on your Mac. It’s possible to install OS X on a PC, but it’s not legal and it’s much more difficult, especially with the latest versions of OS X. If you have any questions, feel free to comment.